People who have a history of chronic alcoholism are at higher risk of developing ARDS. You're especially at risk if you have a widespread infection in your bloodstream (sepsis). Most people who develop ARDS are already hospitalized for another condition, and many are critically ill. Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), massive blood transfusions and burns. People who have severe COVID-19 may develop ARDS. Accidents, such as falls or car crashes, can directly damage the lungs or the portion of the brain that controls breathing. Severe cases of pneumonia usually affect all five lobes of the lungs. Breathing high concentrations of smoke or chemical fumes can result in ARDS, as can inhaling (aspirating) vomit or near-drowning episodes. The most common cause of ARDS is sepsis, a serious and widespread infection of the bloodstream. Severe illness or injury, however, can cause damage to the membrane, leading to the fluid leakage of ARDS. Normally, a protective membrane keeps this fluid in the vessels. The mechanical cause of ARDS is fluid leaked from the smallest blood vessels in the lungs into the tiny air sacs where blood is oxygenated. The alveoli are surrounded by the alveolar-capillary membrane, which normally prevents liquid in the capillaries from entering the air sacs.
Inhaled air passes through tiny ducts from the bronchioles into elastic air sacs (alveoli). Your bronchioles are some of the smallest airways in your lungs.
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